This book outlines progress in the treatment of schizophrenia, with particular emphasis on pharmacological mechanisms. It addresses the clinical symptomatology of the disorder, reviews the major hypotheses of schizophrenia, and discusses current insights into its etiology. Subsequently, the psychopharmacology and pharmacotherapy of antipsychotics are examined in detail, covering early developments, conventional (typical) antipsychotics, atypical antipsychotics, and emerging future therapies. In addition, the development of adjuvant pharmacological treatment strategies is discussed, while non-pharmacological treatment options are briefly considered. This book provides a comprehensive overview of the chemistry, psychopharmacology, and pharmacotherapy of antipsychotic agents, set within a broader discussion of the symptoms, background, causes, and treatment of schizophrenia. It aims to integrate molecular mechanisms with clinical practice, thereby offering a coherent framework for understanding both past achievements and future directions in the treatment of this complex psychiatric disorder.