PrefacesSection 1: Introduction1.1. Introduction to the geographic setting and the archaeological research project in the Žitava valley, south-western SlovakiaMartin Furholt, Ivan Cheben, Knut Rassmann, Nils Müller-ScheeßelSection 2: Spatial scales2.1. The geographic environment in the settlement area of the LBK and its limits to its adjacent regionsFynn Wilkes2.2. Geophysical investigations at Úľany nad Žitavou and Vlkas in the Žitava valley, south-western SlovakiaNatalie Pickartz, Tina Wunderlich, Erica Corradini, Ercan Erkul, Diana Panning, Dennis Wilken, Martin Furholt, Wolfgang Rabbel2.3. Prospection results of the LBK and Želiezovce settlement sites in the Žitava valley, south-western SlovakiaBastian BreitenfeldSection 3: Social scales3.1. Built structures of the Early Neolithic in the Žitava valley, south-western SlovakiaRobert Staniuk, Nils Müller-Scheeßel, Martin Furholt, Ivan Cheben3.2. Pottery and ornamental styles of the Early Neolithic in the Žitava valley, south-western SlovakiaIvan Cheben, Alena Bistáková3.3. The animal remains at the LBK and Želiezovce settlement sites Úľany nad Zitavou and Vlkas in the Žitava valley, south-western SlovakiaRebekka Eckelmann, Nils Eberle3.4. Availability and choice of plant resources at the LBK and Želiezovce settlement sites Úľany nad Žitavou and Vlkas in the Žitava valley, south-western Slovakia: Archaeobotanical and anthracological analysesDragana Filipović, Tim M. Schroedter, Tanja Reiser, Wiebke Kirleis3.5. Integrated plant and faunal stable isotopic analysis from the archaeozoological and archaeobotanical assemblages of the LBK and Želiezovce settlement sites Úľany nad Žitavou and Vlkas in the Žitava valley, south-western SlovakiaRosalind E. Gillis, Rebekka Eckelmann, Dragana FilipovićSection 4: Temporal scales4.1. Radiocarbon dates from the Early Neolithic settlement sites Úľany nad Žitavou and Vlkas in the Žitava valley, south-western SlovakiaNils Müller-Scheeßel, Robert Staniuk, John Meadows, Martin Furholt4.2. The absolute dating of the Late LBKTine Karck, Nils Müller-ScheeßelSection 5: Integrating scales5.1. Simulating land use scenarios for the LBK and Želiezovce settlement site of Vráble, south-western SlovakiaJulian Laabs5.2. Spatial modelling of LBK and Lengyel settlement territories in eastern Central Europe: A new approach to understanding population dynamics, social structures, and exchange networksSebastian Schultrich, Knut Rassmann, Kata Szilágyi, Martin Furholt5.3. Prehistoric communities in the Žitava valley, south-western Slovakia – integrating scalesMaria Wunderlich, Ivan Cheben, Alena Bistáková, Martin Furholt, Nils Müller-Scheeßel, Robert StaniukThis volume presents the second part of the results of an international research project on the Early Neolithic site of Vráble, one of the largest LBK settlement agglomerations in Central Europe, that was started in 2012 and aims to explore the social implications of settlement concentration in the context of early farming communities, on the background of subsistence patterns and landscape use.The second volume of “Archaeology in the Žitava valley” presents the finds, features and data uncovered and synthesised from our archaeological, geophysical, archaeobotanical, zooarchaeological and stable isotope studies on the LBK and Želiezovce settlement sites of Vlkas ‘Do hulského chotára’ and Úlany nad Žitavou ‘Dolné diely’ among other sites in south-western Slovakia. It puts these data into the wider context of LBK settlement patterns and absolute dating in Central Europe and explores possible land-use scenarios. Finally, it links this research back to the LBK settlement agglomeration of Vráble and analyses the relationship between this central place and lesser sites in its vicinity.