Table of Contents[-]Summary[-]Preface[-]1 Introduction[-] 1.1 Background[-] 1.2 Goal, key questions, and definitions[-] 1.3 Limitations[-] 1.4 Elaboration of the research question and structure of the report[-]2 The development of Islamic political thought[-] 2.1 Introduction[-] 2.2 Reform by return to the sources[-] 2.3 Reform by reinterpretation of the sacred sources[-] 2.4 Interpretation of the dynamism in Islamic thought[-] 2.5 Conclusion[-]3 The development of Islamic political movements[-] 3.1 Introduction[-] 3.2 Islamic political movements in the 1970s: background and characteristics[-] 3.3 Islamic political activists in power[-] 3.4 Islamic political movements in the political and social arena[-] 3.5 Interpretation of the political dynamism[-] 3.6 Conclusion[-]4 The development of law and legal systems[-] 4.1 Introduction[-] 4.2 Recent Islamization of law and legal systems[-] 4.3 Islamic and universal human rights[-] 4.4 Interpretation of the legal dynamism[-] 4.5 Conclusion[-]5 Policy perspective[-] 5.1 Introduction[-] 5.2 The world political situation[-] 5.3 Reference points[-] 5.4 Constructive engagement with the Muslim world[-] 5.5 European and bilateral policy options for constructive engagement[-] 5.6 Islamic activism in the Dutch democratic constitutional state[-] 5.7 Conclusion[-]Bibliography[-]Appendix 1 Comparison of the scores of Muslim countries with regard to political rights and civil liberties, early 1970s and 2003/2004[-]Appendix 2 Classification of Muslim countries by regime type - 2002[-]Appendix 3 Status of Islam and Sharia as a legal source in the constitutions of Muslim countries[-]Appendix 4 The Barcelona process, EMP and ENP[-]GlossaryDe toegenomen spanningen rondom radicale moslims en radicale stromingen binnen de politieke islam manifesteren zich niet alleen in het Westen maar vooral ook binnen de moslimwereld zelf. Al sinds de jaren '70 komen stromingen en politieke bewegingen op die zich richten tegen de status quo. Zij pleiten voor vergaande islamisering: het funderen van d