Manual: How to use ERNiEThematic articles: Nationalities and cultural fieldsIntroduction and Survey articlesIndividuals: Person articles and IndexCross-references and article identifiersNote on transliterations and proper namesIntroduction (Meta)culture, cultural practitioners, and the cultivation of cultureCultural and Romantic Nationalism: Metaculture into politicsA very long nineteenth centuryThe European focusReferencesSurvey articles on cultural currents in Romantic NationalismBACKGROUND: Explanatory notes on concepts and terminologyNotes on European nationalismsCulture, cultivation and Romantic NationalismEmbodied communities: Sociability, festivals and funerals, convivialityConviviality and gender: The salon and their public sphere1.LANGUAGE: Linguistic reflection and language activismThe importance of language in Romanticism and nationalism2.TRADITIONS: Immaterial and traditional cultureEthnography and ethnicityMythologyOral literature and folk musicManners and customsSports and pastimes3.SIGHT AND SOUND: Musical and visual cultureWorld Fairs and international exhibitionsDress and designVisual arts: History paintings, genre paintings and Academic RomanticismArchitectureNational-classical music4.TEXTS AND STORIES: Literary and historical cultureAntiquarianism and archeologyHistory-writingAfter Ossian: Editing vernacular classicsThe historical novelPatriotic poetry and verseLiterary realism and the nationVernacular translations of the Bible and world classicsReflecting on national identity: Cultural criticism and activist writing5.SOCIETY: Sociocultural mobilizationCollective memories, commemorative festivalsChoral societiesNational drama and national theatresSports/athletics associationsNational museums in EuropePublishing, libraries, book clubs and reading societiesEducationIllustrationsIndividualsName indexThis encyclopedia documents the presence and impact of nationalized cultural consciousness in European nationalism. It tracks how intellectuals, historians, philologists, novelists, poets, painters, folklorists, and composers, in an intensely collaborative transnational network, articulated the national identities and aspirations that would go on to determine European history and politics, with effects that are still felt today. This new revised edition includes more than 100 additional articles, including coverage of memory culture as an aspect of Romantic nationalism and improved coverage of various cultural communities such as Czech, Finnish and Hungarian. Edited by Joep Leerssen, in cooperation with over 350 authors from dozens of countries, this encyclopedia gives a clear idea of the intricate (transnational and intermedial) networks and entanglements in which all aspects of Romantic Nationalism are connected.