PART I KEY CONCEPTS1 Islamophobia as a Form of Violent Radicalisation Abdelwahed Mekki-Berrada & Leen d’Haenens2 The Mutual Antagonism between Sharia for Europe and Anti-Islam Far-Right NetworksErkan Toguslu & Leen d’HaenensPART II CONTEMPORARY POLITICAL DISCOURSES ON ISLAMOPHOBIA3 Building Blocks of Polish Islamophobia: The Case of Polish Youth Katarzyna Górak-Sosnowska & Joanna Sozańska4 The Political and Intellectual Discourse on Islam and Muslims in Flanders Alexander Van Leuven, Stefan Mertens, Leen d’Haenens & Abdelwahed Mekki-Berrada5 Islamophobia in Germany, Still a Debate? Luis Manuel Hernández AguilarPART III MEDIA PRACTICES6 Islamophobia in the Media in the Province of Québec, Canada : A Corpus-Assisted Critical Discourse AnalysisVivek Venkatesh, Abdelwahed Mekki-Berrada, Jihène Hichri, Rawda Harb & Ashley Montgomery7 The Veil in France: Twenty Years of Media Coverage (1989–2010) Camila Arêas & Abdelwahed Mekki-Berrada8 From Pen to Perception: Does News Reporting Advance Terrorists’ Agendas? Stefan Mertens, David De Coninck & Leen d’Haenens9 Islamophobia in the Portuguese Opinion PressCamila Arêas, Alfredo Brant, Ana Flora Machado, Colin Robineau, Helena Cruz Ventura & Abdelwahed Mekki-Berrada10 Islamophobia and Far-Right Parties in Spain: The ‘Vox’ Discourse on Twitter Alfonso Corral, Cayetano Fernández & Antonio Prieto-AndrésPART IV RESPONDING TO ISLAMOPHOBIA, EXTREMISM AND RADICALISATION11 Coping with Islamophobia: (Social) Media, a Double-Edged Sword Ans De Nolf, Leen d’Haenens & Abdelwahed Mekki-Berrada12 Safe Spaces and Sensitive Issues : Towards an Emic Understanding of RadicalisationAlexander Van Leuven & Ann Trappers13 ‘Wait, What?! Islamophobia Exists in Newfoundland and Labrador?’ : Theorising Polite Dismissal of Anti-Islamophobia Public EngagementSobia Shaheen Shaikh & Jennifer A. Selby14 Muslim Communities and the Covid-19 Pandemic : The Complex Faces of ProtectionSalam El-Majzoub, Anabelle Vanier-Clément & Cécile Rousseau15 From Media and Pseudo-Scholarly Islamophobia in Post 9/11 Moral Panic to ‘Meta-Solidarity’Abdelwahed Mekki-Berrada & Leen d’HaenensNotes on ContributorsFoundations and mechanisms of Islamophobiain the WestIslamophobia as a Form of Radicalisation discusses the scope and fragmented boundaries of Islamophobia as a concept and a sociopolitical reality. The fifteen chapters of this collection cover and connect interdisciplinary research, media content analysis, media discourse analysis, ethnographic research, intersectoral advocacy work, and action research conducted in Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Poland, Portugal, and Spain. Confronted with an Islamophobia that is growing as a symptom of broader societal malaise in the West, a resistance against it is also arising. It is now a question of better understanding the foundations and mechanisms of this metasolidarity and resistance. Islamophobia as a Form of Radicalisation offers recommendations for urgent consideration by Muslim citizens of Canada and Europe, media professionals, civil society and academic stakeholders, policymakers at the municipal, provincial and federal levels.Islamophobia as a Form of Radicalisation discusses the scope and fragmented boundaries of Islamophobia as a concept and a sociopolitical reality. The fifteen chapters of this collection cover and connect interdisciplinary research, media content analysis, media discourse analysis, ethnographic research, intersectoral advocacy work, and action research conducted in Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Poland, Portugal, and Spain. Confronted with an Islamophobia that is growing as a symptom of broader societal malaise in the West, a resistance against it is also arising. It is now a question of better understanding the foundations and mechanisms of this metasolidarity and resistance. Islamophobia as a Form of Radicalisation offers recommendations for urgent consideration by Muslim citizens of Canada and Europe, media professionals, civil society and academic stakeholders, policymakers at the municipal, provincial and federal levels.