Table of Contents - 6[-]Text Boxes - 8[-]Tables - 9[-]Introduction - 10[-]1 Citizenship and migration - concepts and controversies - 16[-] Introduction - 16[-] Citizenship status - 17[-] Citizenship rights and duties - 24[-] Citizenship virtues and practices - 32[-]2 The legal status of immigrants and their access to nationality - 34[-] The legal status of foreign nationals - 34[-] Citizenship regulations in comparative perspective: Is there convergence - 41[-] Access to, acquisition of and loss of nationality in liberal states - is there convergence or divergence? - 45[-] Explaining citizenship policies in liberal states - 52[-] Dual citizenship - 59[-] Migrant choices, the impact of policies on naturalisation behaviour and the consequences of naturalisation - 61[-] Perspectives for research - 66[-]3 EU citizenship and the status of third country nationals - 68[-] The roots of Union citizenship - 68[-] Union citizenship or European denizenship? - 71[-] European citizenship and policies vis-à-vis third country nationals - 73[-] European citizenship and antidiscrimination - 80[-] The concept of civic citizenship - 81[-]4 Political participation, mobilisation and representation of immigrants and their offspring in Europe - 84[-] Introduction - 84[-] Definitions and concepts - 85[-] The thesis of political quiescence of immigrants - 86[-] Explaining the various forms of immigrant political participation - 88[-] A typology of the various forms of immigrant political participation in the country of settlement - 91[-] Transnational political participation - 99[-] Research perspectives - 102[-] How to evaluate political participation of immigrants and their offspring in the country of residence? - 103[-]Annex - 107[-]Notes - 114[-]References - 120migration|citizenship|naturalisation|political mobilisation|political participation|European Union citizenship|transnationalism|migrant organisations|voting rights |Rainer Bauböck is hoogleraar sociale en politieke theorie aan het Europees Universitair Instituut in Florence. Recente publicaties: Transnational Citizenship (1994), From Aliens to citizens (1994), The Challenge of Diversity (1996), Blurred Boundaries (1998), Migration and Citizenship (2006).