Often considered the wittiest play in the English language, The Importance of Being Earnest has thrilled audiences for nearly one hundred and fifty years with undiminished sparkle, wit, and bite. Many of Wilde's famous epigrams are uttered by the memorable characters in this comedy of mistaken identities. But the perfectly phrased social satire packs a velvet-gloved punch. Can we break with the hypocrisies of respectable society to reveal our authentic selves and find happiness? This elegant new edition includes a timeline of Wilde's life, and Ulrich Baer's accessible afterword that identifies the play's major themes and its relevance for twenty-first century audiences, along with commentary by George Bernard Shaw and Mary McCarthy.