ForwordUlla Schaltz and Kasper Høhling SøstedIntroduction: Changing Identity in a Changing WorldDaniel Groß and Mikael RothsteinPART 1: Changing worldsThe Femern project: a large-scale excavation of a Stone Age landscapeBjørnar Måge, Daniel Groß and Marie KanstrupEnvironmental changes after the last deglaciation, southern Lolland, DenmarkOle Bennike and Catherine JessenNiche construction: Hard-working settlers and a neglected principle in understanding the early Neolithic of southern ScandinaviaNiels Nørkjær JohannsenEstuary and lacustrine fishing with stationary wooden structures in Neolithic Finland: Evidence from waterlogged sitesSatu KoivistoHow to build a Neolithic? Perspectives on megalith building practices and landscape perception during the Funnel Beaker period in northern GermanyMaria WunderlichTombs and Settlements, Bog and Sea – the possible influence of landscape change on Neolithic life in the Ahlen-Falkenberger Moor, GermanyMoritz Mennenga, Anja Behrens, Martina Karle and Steffen WoltersPART 2: Losing BoundariesDuality in the Early Neolithic on Lolland-Falster and in south ScandinaviaTheis Zetner Trolle Jensen and Lasse SørensenLong-term perspectives on Neolithisation: Pottery use in the Ertebølle Culture and its connection to the development of settlement patterns and hunter-gatherer complexityAnn-Katrin MeyerChanging diet in a changing worldBente PhilippsenMesolithic persistence and Neolithic emergence at Syltholm II (MLF00906-III). Osseous artefacts before and after 4000 BCE on the coast of Lolland, DenmarkSolveig Chaudesaigues-ClausenNeolithisation in Denmark from a depositional perspectiveSøren Anker SørensenLola’s people hunted wild boar; their neighbours kept domestic pigs: analysis of the Syltholm pigsPeter Rowley-ConweyNeolithic farming in forager-resource systems: A case from southern NorwaySvein Vatsvåg Nielsen and Jo-Simon Frøshaug StokkePART 3: Identities of ChangeMesolithic hunters in mixed oak forests: Differences in hunting strategy and hunting behaviourUlrich SchmölckeChanging diet during the Mesolithic-Neolithic transition: An examination of the carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios of late Mesolithic and early Neolithic humans in DenmarkRikke Maring, Jesper Olsen and Marcello A. ManninoGoing against the grain? The transition to farming in the Dutch wetlands re-examined (5000–4000 BCE)Daan C. M. Raemaekers, Nathalie Ø. Brusgaard, Merita Dreshaj, Jolijn Erven, Michael W. Dee and J. Hans M. PeetersStone Age Fishing in the prehistoric Syltholm FjordTerje Stafseth and Daniel GroßThe Unbeknownst Pottery Craft at the Alvastra Pile DwellingNathalie HindersEvidence of a base model for Neolithic depositions in Central and Northern EuropeMichael MüllerPeople, contacts and identities: the sixth-fifth millennium south of the western Baltic SeaThomas Terberger, Andreas Kotula and Henny PiezonkaPerceptions of Stone Age Landscapes? A note on how humans of the Stone Age may have experienced their surroundingsMikael RothsteinFrom 2013-2022 the largest Stone Age excavation ever undertaken in Denmark, uncovered an entire fjord landscape beneath marine sediments at Rødbyhavn on the island of Lolland. Based on the excavations, Museum Lolland-Falster, in collaboration with Aarhus University and the Danish National Museum, organised an international conference on the topic of "LOST 2022 – Changing Identity in a Changing World" on 16 and 17 June 2022 to discuss the time around 4000 BCE in Denmark and beyond from different angles. This book summarizes the conference and presents its main outcomes. It also gives an overview of the current state of research within the Femern project and sets them into context with the wider area. By including contributions from the Netherlands to Finland, the central position of Lolland as a corridor in the Stone Age is highlighted and discussed. The topics covered in this book deal with technological change, archaeological analyses of identity, aspects of landscape interaction and perception in the Late Mesolithic and Early Neolithic. This book is aimed at specialists, students and the interested public alike, as it provides the first complete overview of the excavations of the Femern project and places them in context. At the same time, it serves as a basis for further studies on the material and highlights the challenges and possibilities of the archaeological record from the period around 4000 BCE.